Numerous studies have examined Modular Multilevel Inverter (MMI) technology for grid-connected photovoltaic systems, each with its limitations. A hybrid control technique using cascaded multilevel inverters (CMLI) and Namib beetle optimization (NBO) combined with RERNN showed integration and scalability issues.
Grid-connected microgrids, wind energy systems, and photovoltaic (PV) inverters employ various feedback, feedforward, and hybrid control techniques to optimize performance under fluctuating grid conditions.
This paper proposed a hybrid strategy for grid-tied photovoltaic systems utilizing a modular multilevel inverter (MMI) topology. The novel control strategy is named the Mexican Axolotl Optimization (MAO) and Recalling-Enhanced Recurrent Neural Network (RERNN) technique (MAO-RERNN).
HERIC = highly efficient and reliable inverter concept; MLI = multilevel inverter; MPPT = maximum power point tracking; NPC = neutral point clamped; PV = photovoltaic; QZSI = Quasi-Z-source inverter; THD = total harmonic distortion. This comprehensive table presents recent developments in grid-connected inverter topologies (2020–2025). 4.
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Xiao, B. et al. Modular cascaded H-Bridge multilevel PV inverter with distributed MPPT for Grid-Connected Applications. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 51, 1722–1731 (2015).
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A centralized DC/AC inverter is connected to the common DC bus to transfer the electrical power to the MV AC grid through a step-up transformer, which is necessary to boost …
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Numerous studies have examined Modular Multilevel Inverter (MMI) technology for grid-connected photovoltaic systems, each with its limitations. A hybrid control technique using …
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