Concentrating Solar Power Commercial Application Study: Reducing Water Consumption of Concentrating Solar Power Electricity Generation i Appendix A Further analysis stemming from the study conducted in the reference 1 of this Appendix, also referenced in footnote 13 of the main report evaluated the impact of hybrid cooling. 13Kelly, B. (2006).
Coupling water storage with solar can successfully and cost effectively reduce the intermittency of solar energy for different applications. However the elaborate exploration of water storage mediums (including in the forms of steam or ice) specifically regarding solar storage has been overlooked.
This cooling can be done with water (wet cooling) or air (dry cooling), or a combination of both (hybrid cooling). Water cooling is the most efficient. CSP plants using parabolic trough or power tower technologies must use some form of cooling, while PV solar facilities do not require water for cooling.
Natural solar water-based thermal storage systems While water tanks comprise a large portion of solar storage systems, the heat storage can also take place in non-artificial structures. Most of these natural storage containers are located underground. 4.1. Aquifer thermal energy storage system
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